Arizona Workplace Discrimination Laws: Your Rights Under ACRA
Quick Answer: The Arizona Civil Rights Act (ACRA) prohibits employment discrimination at employers with 15+ employees. Protected characteristics include race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age (40+), and disability. File complaints with the Attorney General’s Civil Rights Division (ACRD) within 180 days. EEOC claims extend to 300 days with worksharing.
Arizona provides state-level discrimination protections through ACRA.
Arizona Discrimination Protections
Arizona Civil Rights Act (ACRA)
Prohibits discrimination based on:
- Race
- Color
- Religion
- Sex (including pregnancy)
- National origin
- Age (40 and older)
- Disability
- Genetic information
Coverage
ACRA applies to:
- 15+ employee employers
- State and local governments
- Employment agencies
- Labor organizations
Federal Title VII
Also provides:
- Similar protections
- 15+ employees
- 300-day deadline with worksharing
Protected Characteristics
Race and Color
Protected from:
- Hiring discrimination
- Termination based on race
- Harassment
- Disparate treatment
Sex and Gender
Includes:
- Sex discrimination
- Pregnancy discrimination
- Sexual harassment
- Gender stereotyping
Religion
Protections:
- Religious beliefs
- Religious practices
- Reasonable accommodation
- No religious requirements
Age (40+)
Protected:
- Workers 40 and older
- Hiring age discrimination
- Termination based on age
- Age harassment
Disability
Covers:
- Physical disabilities
- Mental disabilities
- Reasonable accommodation
- Medical conditions
National Origin
Includes:
- Country of origin
- Ancestry
- Accent/language
- Ethnic characteristics
Types of Discrimination
Disparate Treatment
Direct discrimination:
- Intentional different treatment
- Based on protected class
- Less favorable outcomes
Disparate Impact
Indirect discrimination:
- Neutral policy
- Disproportionate effect
- Not job-related
Harassment
Prohibited:
- Hostile work environment
- Quid pro quo
- Severe or pervasive conduct
Retaliation
Cannot punish for:
- Filing complaint
- Participating in investigation
- Opposing discrimination
Filing Complaints
ACRD (State)
Arizona Attorney General – Civil Rights Division:
- Phone: 602-542-5263
- Phoenix location
- Deadline: 180 days
- Workshares with EEOC
EEOC (Federal)
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:
- Phone: 1-800-669-4000
- Phoenix: 602-640-5000
- Deadline: 300 days with worksharing
Dual Filing
Benefits:
- File with ACRD
- Automatically dual-filed with EEOC
- Preserves both options
- Maximizes protections
Proving Discrimination
Direct Evidence
Shows intent:
- Discriminatory statements
- Written bias
- Stated preferences
Circumstantial Evidence
Patterns include:
- Different treatment
- Statistical disparities
- Pretextual reasons
- Timing of decisions
Elements
Must show:
- Protected class member
- Qualified for position
- Adverse action
- Discrimination was factor
Common Scenarios
Scenario 1: Race Discrimination
Situation: Passed over for promotion, less qualified white colleague promoted.
Analysis: May be disparate treatment. Document qualifications and comparators.
Scenario 2: Sexual Harassment
Situation: Supervisor makes unwanted advances.
Analysis: Report to HR. File ACRD complaint if not resolved.
Scenario 3: Disability Accommodation Denied
Situation: Requested accommodation, employer refused.
Analysis: Must provide reasonable accommodation unless undue hardship.
Scenario 4: Age-Based Layoff
Situation: Mostly older workers laid off.
Analysis: Pattern may show age discrimination. Note ages of affected workers.
Scenario 5: Pregnancy Discrimination
Situation: Job offer rescinded after disclosing pregnancy.
Analysis: Protected under ACRA. File complaint promptly.
Remedies Available
ACRD Relief
May obtain:
- Back pay
- Reinstatement
- Compensatory damages
- Policy changes
Court Damages
May recover:
- Lost wages
- Compensatory damages
- Punitive damages
- Attorney’s fees
Frequently Asked Questions
What is ACRA?
Arizona Civil Rights Act – state law prohibiting employment discrimination.
What employers are covered?
Employers with 15 or more employees.
How long do I have to file?
180 days with ACRD, 300 days with EEOC (with worksharing).
Can I file with both agencies?
Yes. Filing with ACRD is dual-filed with EEOC.
What damages can I recover?
Back pay, compensatory damages, punitive damages, and attorney’s fees.
Related Topics
- Arizona Race Discrimination
- Arizona Sex Discrimination
- Arizona Age Discrimination
- Arizona Disability Discrimination
- Arizona Employment Law Hub
Take Action
If facing workplace discrimination:
- Document all incidents
- Report through proper channels
- Note 180-day ACRD deadline
- Preserve evidence
- Consult employment attorney
Legal Disclaimer
This article provides general information about workplace discrimination in Arizona and is not legal advice. For specific advice, consult a licensed Arizona employment attorney.
For official information:
- Arizona Attorney General: https://www.azag.gov | 602-542-5263
- EEOC Phoenix: https://www.eeoc.gov | 602-640-5000
